A umpu ububanziiguqula ukuchaneka kokudubula ngokukhulisa iithagethi ezikude kunye nokwandisa ukuzithemba. Abaqalayo bahlala bebona ukuphuculwa okunokulinganiswa. Umzekelo, abadubuli be-novice banokunciphisa ubungakanani beqela ukusuka kwi-intshi eyi-1.5 ukuya kwikota yesithathu ye-intshi ngokuziqhelanisa. Ukudibanisa umda ochanekileyo kunye nezixhobo ezifana neIbhipod yompukwaye yomeleleIsiporokwandisa uzinzo, ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka okungaguqukiyo.

Izinto eziphambili zokuThatha

• Ukwazi iindawo eziphambili zompu, njengokusondeza kunye nesitayile sereticle, kukunceda ukhethe ngobulumko.
• Ukuseta indawo yompu wakho ngokuchanekileyo kuphucula injongo kwaye konyusa ukuzithemba; sebenzisa amanyathelo acacileyo okuphumelela.
• Ukukhathalela umda wakho, njengokucoca kunye nokuwugcina ngokufanelekileyo, kwenza ukuba uhlale ixesha elide kwaye usebenze kakuhle.

Ukuqonda iSiseko seMida yoMpu

Amacandelo angundoqo oMda woMpu

Umda wompu uquka izinto ezininzi ezibalulekileyo ezisebenza kunye ukuqinisa ukuchaneka kokudubula. Inxalenye nganye idlala indima eyodwa ekunikeni imbono ecacileyo nechanekileyo yethagethi. Abaqalayo kufuneka baziqhelanise nezi zinto ukuze benze izigqibo ezinolwazi xa bekhetha umda.

1. Uluhlu lokuKhulisa kunye neNgqweso yeNgcaciso: Ukwandiswa kumisela ukuba isondele kangakanani ekujoliswe kuko. Imida inokuba nokwandiswa okuzinzileyo okanye okuguquguqukayo, kunye nokhetho oluguquguqukayo olunikezela ukuguquguquka okukhulu.
2. Ububanzi beLens kunye noMgangatho: I-lens yenjongo iqokelela ukukhanya, ukuchaphazela ukubonakala kwiimeko zokukhanya okuphantsi. Iilensi ezikumgangatho ophezulu ziphucula ukucaca kunye nokunciphisa ukuphazamiseka.
3. Umgangatho weTurret: I-Turrets ivumela abadubuli ukuba balungelelanise umoya kunye nokuphakama, ukubuyisela imeko yendalo efana nomoya okanye umgama.
4. Ukukhethwa kweReticle: I-reticle, okanye i-crosshair, isebenza njengendawo ekujoliswe kuyo. Ukhetho lusuka kwii-crosshairs ezilula ukuya kuyilo oluphambili olunomgama kunye neempawu zomoya.
5. Ulungelelwaniso olupheleleyo loMphakamo: Olu phawu lumisela ukuba lungakanani uhlengahlengiso oluthe nkqo onokuluphatha, lubalulekile kuluhlu olude lokudubula.

Ingcebiso: Xa ukhetha umda wompu, beka phambili ukucaca okubonakalayo kunye nokulandelwa kwe-turret. Ezi mpawu zichaphazela kakhulu ukusebenza kunye nokulula kokusetyenziswa.

Isigama esiQhelekileyo sabaQalayo

Ukuqonda ulwimi lwemibhobho yompu kubalulekile kubaqalayo. La magama ahlala ebonakala kwiinkcazo zemveliso kunye neencwadana zabasebenzisi, ngoko ukwazi kwabo kunokuthintela ukudideka kunye nokuphucula amava okudubula.

Abaqalayo abaninzi bakholelwa ngempazamo ukuba ukukhulisa okuphezulu kuhlala kukhokelela ekusebenzeni ngcono. Nangona kunjalo, ukukhulisa okugqithisileyo kunokunciphisa intsimi yokujonga, okwenza kube nzima ukulandelela iithagethi ezihambayo. Enye ingcamango ephosakeleyo eqhelekileyo ibandakanya ukukhululeka kwamehlo. Ukugcina umgama ochanekileyo phakathi kwamehlo kunye nobubanzi kubalulekile kukhuseleko kunye nokuthuthuzela. Ukuqiniswa komda wokunyuka kungenye impazamo eqhelekileyo, njengoko inokonakalisa umda kwaye ichaphazele ukusebenza kwayo.

Usebenza njani uMda woMpu

Umda wompu usebenza ngokusebenzisa uluhlu lweelensi ukukhulisa ekujoliswe kuko kunye nokulungelelanisa injongo yomdubuli. Inkqubo iqala nge-lens yenjongo, eqokelela ukukhanya ukusuka kwindawo ekujoliswe kuyo. Oku kukhanya kudlula kwiilensi zangaphakathi, apho kugxininiswe kwaye kwandiswe. I-reticle inika inqaku lokubhekisela ekujoliseni, ngelixa i-eyepiece iqinisekisa ukuba umfanekiso ubonakala ubukhali kwaye ucacile.

Imida yanamhlanje ibandakanya itekhnoloji ephucukileyo ukuphucula ukusebenza. Umzekelo, uyilo oluncediswa yikhompyuter luye lwaphucula iinkqubo zelensi, ezivumela ukwandiswa okuphezulu kunye nokuchaneka okungcono. Imida yamandla aguquguqukayo, eyaye yaduma ngeminyaka yoo-1990, inika abadubuli ububhetyebhetye bokulungelelanisa ukukhulisa ngokusekwe kwimeko yokudubula. Olu tshintsho lwenze imida yompu ukuba ibe zizixhobo eziyimfuneko kubo bobabini abasaqalayo kunye nabaphawuli abanamava.

Ubusazi?Imida yamandulo yompu, eyaphuhliswa ngenkulungwane ye-19, yayinamandla angatshintshiyo kwaye yayilinganiselwe ekusebenzeni. Imida yanamhlanje ifaka uhlengahlengiso lwangaphakathi kunye nesakhono sokukhulisa okuphezulu, ukuguqula ukuchaneka kokudubula.

Iintlobo zeMida yoMpu

Imida yaMandla eZinzileyo

Imida yamandla ezinzileyo ibonelela ngenqanaba elinye lokukhulisa, ibenza babe lula kwaye bathembeke. Uyilo lwabo oluthe ngqo luphelisa imfuno yohlengahlengiso, luvumela abadubuli ukuba bagxininise ngokupheleleyo kwithagethi yabo. Le mida ixatyiswe ngokukodwa kwiimeko zokuzingela kunye neqhinga apho ukuqina kunye nokungaguquguquki kubaluleke kakhulu.

Abazingeli bakholisa ukukhetha imida yamandla esisigxina kuluhlu lokudubula oluqikelelwayo. Ngokomzekelo, i-scope ye-4x esisigxina inika ukucaca okugqwesileyo kwi-middle-range shots ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka kokukhuliswa okuguquguqukayo. Ukongeza, ukukhaphukhaphu kunye noyilo lwabo olubambeneyo lubenza balungele uhambo olude kumhlaba onzima.

Ingcebiso: Imida yamandla ezinzileyo lolona khetho lubalaseleyo kubaqalayo ngenxa yokusebenziseka kwabo ngokulula kunye nokufikeleleka.

Ukuguquguquka kwamandla oMda

Imida yamandla eguquguqukayo ibonelela ngokwandiswa okuhlengahlengiswayo, ibonelela ngezinto ezahlukeneyo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zokudubula. Oku kubhetyebhetye kubenza babe lukhetho oludumileyo phakathi kwabazingeli kunye nabadubuli abakhuphisanayo. Ngokomzekelo, ububanzi obunobubanzi obuyi-3-9x buvumela abasebenzisi ukuba batshintshe phakathi kweethagethi zoluhlu olusondeleyo kunye nobude obude ngaphandle komthungo.

Inkqubela phambili yanamhlanje iphucule ukuthembeka kunye nokuqaqamba kwemida eguquguqukayo, iyenza ithelekiseke nemida emiselweyo ekusebenzeni. Ngelixa zinobunzima obuncinci, ukuguquguquka kwazo kuyayidlula le ngxaki kubasebenzisi abaninzi.

Imida eKhethekileyo yeMisebenzi ethile

Imida ekhethekileyo ibonelela ngeemfuno ezizodwa zokudubula, ezinje ngokuchaneka kuluhlu olude, umbono wasebusuku, okanye umfanekiso oshushu. Le mida yenzelwe usetyenziso oluthile olufana nemisebenzi yasemkhosini, ukuthotyelwa komthetho, okanye ukudubula okukhuphisanayo. Umzekelo, umda we-thermal unokubona ukutyikitywa kobushushu, okwenza kube luncedo ekuzingeleni ebusuku okanye kwimishini yobuchule.

Abadubuli kufuneka batshatise ububanzi bomsebenzi wabo. Umdubuli okhuphisanayo usenokukhetha umda wokukhanya ophezulu wokukhulisa ukuchaneka, ngelixa umzingeli enokukhetha umbhoxo, umda wokukhulisa ophantsi wokufumana ithagethi ngokukhawuleza.

Ubusazi?Imida yezobuchwephesha ihlala ibandakanya itekhnoloji ye-cutting-edge, efana ne-laser rangefinders okanye i-ballistic calculators, ukomeleza ukusebenza.

Ukukhetha uMda weRifle oLungileyo

Izinto Emaziqwalaselwe: Ukukhulisa, Amanqaku, kunye Noncedo lwamehlo

Ukukhetha umda ofanelekileyo wompu kubandakanya ukuqonda iimpawu eziphambili ezichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza. Ukwandiswa yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo. Abadubuli kufuneka bakhethe ukukhulisa ngokusekelwe kumgama wabo oqhelekileyo wokudubula. Kwiithagethi zoluhlu olusondeleyo, i-1-4x yokukhulisa isebenza kakuhle, ngelixa i-9-12x ifanele ukuchaneka okude. Imida yokwandisa eguquguqukayo ibonelela ngokuguquguquka, ibenza ukuba balungele iimeko ezahlukeneyo zokudubula.

IiReticles zikwadlala indima ebalulekileyo. I-reticle eyi-duplex ilula kwaye iyasebenza kusetyenziso ngokubanzi, ngelixa i-BDC reticle inceda ukuqikelela ukuhla kweebhulethi kuluhlu olude. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa komthetho okanye iinjongo zobuchule, i-mil-dot reticle ibonelela ngoqikelelo lomgama. Ukukhululeka kwamehlo, umgama phakathi kobubanzi kunye neliso lokudubula, uqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nentuthuzelo. Imida enesiqabu samehlo esinesisa inciphisa umngcipheko wokonzakala okunxulumene nokubuyela umva, ngakumbi kwimipu enamandla kakhulu.

Ingcebiso: Soloko uvavanya ukucaca kwamehlo kunye nokubonakala kwereticle kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zokukhanyisa phambi kokuthenga isikowupu.

Iinketho Budget-Friendly for Beginners

Abaqalayo bahlala befuna imida yompu efikelelekayo kodwa ethembekileyo. Iinketho ezininzi zohlahlo lwabiwo-mali zihambisa ukusebenza kakuhle ngaphandle kokuphula ibhanki. Umzekelo, iSimmons 8-Point 3-9x50mm scope iyanconywa ngokucaca kwayo, ukuqina, kunye nobuchule bokuqokelela ukukhanya. I-Scopes engaphantsi kwe-100 yeedola, ezifana ne-Bushnell Banner series, iqhuba kakuhle kwiimeko zemozulu ezahlukeneyo, izenza zilungele abadubuli abatsha.

Ukuqina kunye nokulula kokusetyenziswa kubalulekile kubaqalayo. Imida efikelelekayo ihlala ibonakalisa uyilo olulula, inciphisa igophe lokufunda. Ngelixa le mida isenokungabi neempawu eziphambili, ibonelela ngesiseko esiluqilima sobuchule bokudubula.

Ubusazi?Imida emininzi yohlahlo lwabiwo-mali iza neziqinisekiso zobomi bonke, iqinisekisa ixabiso lexesha elide kubaqalayo.

Ukuthelekisa uMda kuMpu wakho kunye neNjongo zokuDubula

Ukuhambelana phakathi kompu kunye nobubanzi bubalulekile ekusebenzeni ngokupheleleyo. Abadubuli kufuneka baqwalasele ulwandiso, ubungakanani belensi enenjongo, kunye nohlobo lwereticle ngokusekelwe kwiinjongo zabo zokudubula. Umzekelo, ububanzi be-3-9x40mm kunye ne-BDC reticle ilungele umzingeli oqalayo ojolise kumdlalo omkhulu kumgama ophakathi. Abadubuli abakuluhlu olusondeleyo banokukhetha i-1-4x scope ene-duplex reticle yokufunyanwa kwethagethi ngokukhawuleza.

Ubungakanani belensi yenjongo bubalulekile. Ilensi eyi-28mm ifanele imipu ene-recoil ephantsi kunye nokudubula okukufutshane, ngelixa ilensi eyi-50mm igqwesa kukukhanya okuphantsi, kuluhlu olude lweemeko. Ukongeza, ukukhetha phakathi kwenqwelomoya yokuqala ekugxilwe kuyo (FFP) kunye nenqwelomoya ekugxilwe kuyo yesibini (SFP) iireticles zixhomekeke kwiimfuno zomdubuli. Ii-reticles ze-FFP zilungelelanisa ngokukhulisa, zizenze zilungele ukuchaneka kwexesha elide, ngelixa ii-reticles ze-SFP zihlala zihambelana, zilungele ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi.

Ingcebiso yePro: Vavanya ububanzi kumpu wakho phambi kokuthenga ukuze uqinisekise ukufaneleka kunye nokulungelelaniswa okufanelekileyo.

Ungawuthinti njani uMda woMpu

Kuthetha ukuthini iZeroing

Ukunqanda umda wompu kuqinisekisa ukuba indawo ekujoliswe kuyo ihambelana nencam yempembelelo yembumbulu kumgama othile. Le nkqubo ihlawulela umkhondo webhulethi egobileyo njengoko ihamba, ngelixa umgca wokubonwayo uhlala uthe tye. Ngokwenza iqanda, abadubuli banokufikelela ukuchaneka okungaguqukiyo, nokuba bajolise kumdlalo okanye baziqhelisa kuluhlu.

Uninzi lwabazingeli baseMelika bakhetha ukumisa imipu yabo kwiiyadi ezili-100, umgama oqhelekileyo olinganisa ukuchaneka kunye nokusebenza. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abadubuli bakhetha iiyadi ezingama-50 okanye ezingama-200 ngokusekelwe kwizinto abazithandayo okanye iimeko zokudubula. I-zero erhabaxa inokufumaneka kusetyenziswa isiboni-manzi selaser, esenza lula uhlengahlengiso lomoya ngaphambi kokuba udubule ngqo.

Ingcebiso yePro: Soloko uqinisekisa u-zero wakho ngembumbulu ephilayo emva kokusebenzisa isiboni esibhokayo ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka phantsi kweemeko zokwenyani.

ISikhokelo seNyathelo ngeNyathelo ukuya kwiZeroing

Ukunciphisa umda wompu kufuna indlela ecwangcisiweyo yokufumana iziphumo ezizezona zilungileyo. Landela la manyathelo ukulungelelanisa umda wakho ngokufanelekileyo:

1. Seta Ukwandiswa: Qalisa ngesona sicwangciso sisezantsi sokwandisa. Ukwandiswa okuphantsi kunika ukuzinza okungcono kunye nentsimi ebanzi yokujonga uhlengahlengiso lokuqala.
2. Khusela uMpu: Beka umpu kwiqonga elizinzile, njengebhentshi yokudubula okanye i-bipod, ukunciphisa intshukumo ngexesha lenkqubo.
3. Litshise iQela loVavanyo: Dula iqela lemijikelo emithathu ukuya kwemihlanu kwindawo ekujoliswe kuyo ukusuka kumgama ofunekayo wokuqanda (umzekelo, iiyadi ezili-100). Jonga embindini wenjongo kwaye ujonge iimpembelelo zembumbulu.
4. Lungisa iiTurrets: Sebenzisa i-windage kunye nee-turrets zokuphakama ukuhambisa ireticle ukuya kwiqela leembumbulu. Umzekelo, ukuba iibhulethi zibethe ezantsi nasekunene, hlengahlengisa ukuphakama kwe turret ukuya phezulu kunye ne turret yomoya ekhohlo.
5. Phinda kwaye Usulungekise: Tshisa elinye iqela lemijikelo ukuqinisekisa uhlengahlengiso. Qhubeka nokucokisa de iimpembelelo zembumbulu zilungelelaniswe ngokugqibeleleyo nereticle.
6. Qinisekisa kwimigama eyohlukeneyo: Vavanya i-zero kwimigama eyahluka-hlukeneyo ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kuluhlu olucetyiweyo lokudubula.

Kungenjalo, abadubuli banokusebenzisa izixhobo ezinjengezibali zokubala okanye ii-apps ezifana neStrelok ukubala uhlengahlengiso ngaphambi kokudubula okuphilayo. Ezi zixhobo zonga ixesha kwaye ziphucule ukuchaneka ngokubonelela ngemimiselo ye-turret echanekileyo ngokusekelwe kumpu, iimbumbulu kunye nezinto zokusingqongileyo.

Ubusazi?I-zeroing ayiphuculi nje ukuchaneka kodwa yakha ukuzithemba, ivumela abadubuli ukuba bagxile kubuchwephesha babo kunokuba babe nexhala malunga nokulungelelaniswa.

Iimpazamo Eziqhelekileyo Emaziphephe

Ukunciphisa umda wompu kunokuba lucelomngeni kubaqalayo, ngakumbi ngaphandle kokulungiselela kakuhle. Ziphephe ezi mpazamo ziqhelekileyo ukuqinisekisa inkqubo egudileyo nesebenzayo:

Ezinye iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo ziquka ukudubula kwiqonga elingazinzanga, elibangela iziphumo ezingahambelaniyo, kunye nokusetyenziswa kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zembumbulu okanye ubunzima beembumbulu ngexesha lenkqubo. Ukungaguquguquki kwisixhobo kunye nokuseta kubalulekile ekufumaneni i-zero ethembekileyo.

Ingcebiso: Soloko usebenzisa uhlobo lweembumbulu ezifanayo kunye nobunzima ngexesha le-zeroing ukugcina ukungaguquguquki. Indawo yokudubula ezinzileyo ibaluleke ngokufanayo kwiziphumo ezichanekileyo.

Iingcebiso zokuGcina kunye nokuSebenzisa iMida yeMipu

Ukucoca kunye nokuKhusela uMda Wakho

Ukugcinwa okufanelekileyo kuqinisekisa ukuba umda wompu usebenza ngokuthembekileyo ekuhambeni kwexesha. Ukucoca rhoqo kuthintela ukungcola, uthuli, kunye nokufuma ekuchaphazeni ukucaca kwayo kunye nokusebenza kwayo. Abadubuli kufuneka basebenzise ilaphu le-microfiber ukusula ngobunono iilensi, ukuphepha izinto ezirhabaxa ezinokukrwela umphezulu. Izisombululo zokucoca iilensi ezenzelwe i-optics zinokususa i-smudges kunye neminwe ngokufanelekileyo.

Izikhuselo ezikhuselayo zibalulekile ekukhuseleni umda ngexesha lothutho okanye ukugcinwa. Iminqwazi yelensi ejingisiweyo okanye izigqubuthelo ze-neoprene zikhusela iilensi kububutyobo kunye nokonakala ngengozi. Kubathandi bangaphandle, amanyathelo okukhusela imozulu, njengokusebenzisa izisombululo zokulwa nenkungu, kunokunyusa ukubonakala kwiimeko ezifumileyo okanye ezinemvula.

Ingcebiso: Kuphephe ukusebenzisa abacoci bendlu kwi-scope, njengoko bangonakalisa iilensi zokugquma.

Ukugcinwa Ngokufanelekileyo kunye noPhatho

Ukugcina umda wompu ngokuchanekileyo kwandisa ubomi bawo. Indawo epholileyo, eyomileyo ithintela ukufuma, nto leyo enokukhokelela kwinkungu yangaphakathi okanye umhlwa. Iisefu zemipu ezinezikhuseli zobushushu zilungele ukugcinwa kwexesha elide. Xa kuthuthwa umda, iimeko ezineentambo zibonelela ngokhuseleko olongezelelweyo kwiimpembelelo.

Ukuphatha umda ngenkathalo kubaluleke ngokulinganayo. Kuphephe ukuyiwisa okanye ukuyibhuqa, njengoko neempembelelo ezincinci zinokulungelelanisa izinto zangaphakathi. Ngalo lonke ixesha sebenzisa isixokelelwano sokunyusela esikhuselekileyo ukugcina umda uncanyathiselwe ngokuqinileyo kumpu.

Ubusazi?Ukutshintsha kobushushu obugqithisileyo kunokubangela ukuba izitywini ze-scope's zande okanye zicutheke, nto leyo enokuthi ibeke esichengeni ukuvalwa kwayo kwamanzi.

Ukuqhelisela ukuChaneka okungaguqukiyo

Ukuchaneka okuhambelanayo kunye nomda wompu kufuna ukuziqhelanisa rhoqo kunye nokuqokelela idatha. Abadubuli kufuneka bajolise ekutshiseni iisayizi ezinkulu zeesampulu ngexesha lovavanyo lokuchaneka. Nangona amaqela amahlanu-shot aqhelekile, bahlala bengenayo idatha eyaneleyo yezigqibo ezithembekileyo. Endaweni yoko, ukudubula ama-20 ukuya kwangama-30 kunika ukuqonda okubanzi ngakumbi kokusebenza kompu.

Ukuqokelela le datha ngokufanelekileyo, abadubuli banokutshisa amaqela amaninzi kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zokujolisa ngaphandle kokulungelelanisa umda. Le ndlela ivumela uhlalutyo olucacileyo lwepateni yokusabalalisa, inceda ukuchonga iindawo zokuphucula. Ukuziqhelanisa rhoqo akuphuculi kuphela ubuchule bokudubula kodwa kwakha ukuzithemba ekuthembekeni komda.

Ingcebiso yePro: Gcina ilog yokudubula ukulandelela ukusebenza ngexesha. Le rekhodi inokunceda ukuchonga iintsingiselo kunye nokukhokela uhlengahlengiso kwixesha elizayo.

Ukuqonda imida yompu kuqala ngokuqonda amacandelo kunye nokusebenza kwawo. Ukukhetha umda ochanekileyo kunye nokuziqhelanisa ne-zeroing kwakha ukuzithemba kwaye kuphucula ukuchaneka. I-zeroing ethembekileyo ifuna iisayizi ezinkulu zesampulu, ezifana ne-20 shots, ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka. Le ndlela, esetyenziswa ziingcali ezifana ne-Hornady, igxininisa ukubaluleka kokuqokelela idatha echanekileyo kwiziphumo ezihambelanayo.

Phawula: Umonde kunye nokuziqhelanisa rhoqo kubalulekile kubaqalayo ukuba baphucule izakhono zabo kwaye bafezekise impumelelo yexesha elide.

FAQ

Loluphi ulwandiso olulungele abaqalayo?

Abaqalayo kufuneka baqale nge-3-9x yokukhulisa. Ilinganisa ukuguquguquka kunye nokulula kokusetyenziswa kuzo zombini iimeko zokudubula ezikufutshane kunye neziphakathi.

Ingcebiso: Vavanya ulwandiso olwahlukileyo ukuze ufumane indawo yakho yokuthuthuzela.

Kufuneka ucocwe kangaphi umda wompu?

Coca umda emva kweseshoni yokudubula. Uthuli, ukufuma, kunye neminwe yeminwe inokunciphisa ukucaca kunye nokuchaphazela ukusebenza.

Ingcebiso yePro: Sebenzisa ilaphu le-microfiber kunye nesisombululo sokucoca i-lens ekhuselekileyo.

Ngaba imida yohlahlo lwabiwo-mali ingazisa ukusebenza okuthembekileyo?

Ewe, imida emininzi efikelelekayo inika ukuqina kunye nokucaca. Iimodeli ezifana ne-Simmons 8-Point zilungele abaqalayo abafuna umgangatho ngaphandle kokuchitha ngaphezulu.

Ubusazi?Imida yohlahlo lwabiwo-mali ihlala ibandakanya iziqinisekiso zobomi bonke ngexabiso elongezelelweyo.