Ukukhetha ulwandiso olufanelekileyo lompu lunempembelelo enkulu ekusebenzeni kokudubula. Imisebenzi yokudubula eyahlukeneyo ifuna amanqanaba okukhulisa alungelelanisiweyo ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka nokusebenza kakuhle. Njengokuba:

• Ukuzikhusela kwiikota ezikufutshane okanye ukuzingelwa kwebrashi kufuna i-1x–4x yokukhulisa imigama ukuya kwiiyadi ezili-100.
• Ukuzingela amaxhama kwiindawo ezinemithi kuxhamla kwi-3x–9x yokukhulisa ukuya kuthi ga kwiiyadi ezingama-200.
• Ukudubula okujoliswe kuko kuluhlu olude kudla ngokufuna i-8x–16x okanye ngaphezulu ukuchaneka ngaphaya kweeyadi ezingama-300.

Ukuthelekisa ulwandiso kumgama wokudubula kunye nokusingqongileyo kuqinisekisa iziphumo ezizezona zilungileyo, nokuba kunyuswa umdaIsiporoukuzinza okanye ukuziqhelanisa neendawo ezahlukahlukeneyo.

Izinto eziphambili zokuThatha

• Khetha ulwandiso olusekwe kwinto oyidubulayo. Kwimigama emifutshane, sebenzisa i-1x–4x. Ukuzingela amaxhama, hamba no-3x–9x. Kwimigama ekude, khetha 8x–16x okanye ngaphezulu.
• Funda ngemida yokuQala yeNkalo (FFP) kunye neyeSibini ekuJoliswe kuyo (i-SFP). Imida ye-FFP itshintsha ubungakanani bereticle njengoko usondeza ngaphakathi okanye ngaphandle. Imida ye-SFP igcina ubukhulu be-reticle bufana, obunokutshintsha ukuchaneka.
• Ukwandiswa komdlalo kunye nendawo yokujonga (FOV). Ukwandiswa okuphezulu kwenza i-FOV ibe ncinci, enceda ngokudubula okuchanekileyo. Ukwandiswa okusezantsi kunika umbono obanzi ukubona ngakumbi okungqongileyo.

Ukuqonda Ukwandiswa koMpu

Indlela yokwenza umsebenzi wokwandisa

Ukwandiswa kompu kunquma ukuba isondele kangakanani into ekujoliswe kuyo xa uyijonga ngeliso lenyama. Oku kuphunyezwa ngothotho lweelensi ngaphakathi kobubanzi obulawula ukukhanya ukwandisa umfanekiso. Umzekelo, ukukhulisa i-4x kwenza ukuba ithagethi ibonakale ngokuphindwe kane ngokusondeleyo. Umatshini wangaphakathi ulungelelanisa ukukhulisa ngokuguqula umgama phakathi kweelensi, ezitshintsha ubude becala.

Imida yahlulahlulwe yaziintlobo ezimbini eziphambili ngokusekelwe kwindlela yazo yokwandisa: iPlanethi yokuQala ekuJoliswe kuyo (FFP) kunye neNkalo yesiBini ekuJoliswe kuyo (i-SFP). Kwimida ye-FFP, ubungakanani bereticle butshintsha ngokwandiswa, ukugcina ukulingana koko kujoliswe kuko. Imida ye-SFP, nangona kunjalo, igcina ubungakanani be-reticle ingaguquki, enokuchaphazela ukuchaneka kokwahluka okwandisiweyo.

Ummandla wokujonga kunye nokwandiswa

Indawo yokujonga (FOV) ibhekisa kububanzi bendawo ebonakalayo kumda othile kumgama othile. Inxulumene ngokungafaniyo nokwandiswa. Njengoko ulwandiso lusanda, i-FOV iyacutha, ivumela umdubuli ukuba agxile kwiinkcukacha eziphucukileyo kodwa ehlisa ulwazi lwemeko. Umzekelo, kulwandiso lwe-18x, i-FOV incinci kakhulu kunokwandiswa kwe-4x.

Ibhalansi phakathi kokukhulisa kunye ne-FOV ibalulekile kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zokudubula. Izibonelelo zokudubula ezikufutshane ukusuka kwi-FOV ebanzi, ngelixa ukudubula okuchanekileyo kuluhlu olude kufuna ukwandiswa okuphezulu. Uphononongo lubonisa ukuba ukucaca okubonakalayo, i-FOV, kunye ne-zoom ratio inegalelo ekusebenzeni komda, njengoko kuchaziwe ngezantsi:

Imiba ephambili emayiqwalaselwe

Izinto ezininzi zinefuthe ekukhetheni ukukhulisa umpu. Oku kubandakanya umsebenzi ocetywayo wokudubula, iimeko zokusingqongileyo, kunye nezinto ezikhethwa ngumsebenzisi. Imida yamandla aphezulu, ngaphezulu kwe-12x, ilungele ukudutyulwa okuchanekileyo kuluhlu olude. Nangona kunjalo, banokungasebenzi kakuhle kwiimeko zokukhanya okuphantsi ngenxa yokuncipha kobungakanani bomfundi wokuphuma. Imida yokwandisa esezantsi, kwelinye icala, ibonelela ngokuhanjiswa kokukhanya okungcono kwaye iyaguquguquka ngakumbi kwiimeko eziguquguqukayo.

Ezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo eziqwalaselwayo ziquka uhlobo lwereticle, iimpawu ezidityanisiweyo ezifana ne-ballistic compensator, kunye neemfuno ezikhethekileyo zomdubuli. Le theyibhile ingezantsi ishwankathela le miba:

Ingcebiso:Ukukhulisa okusezantsi kwandisa ubungakanani bomfundi ophumayo, kuphucula ukuqaqamba komfanekiso. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kwiimeko zokukhanya okuphantsi, ezifana nokuzingela kwasekuseni okanye ngongcwalazi.

IiRandi zokwandiswa kunye nezicelo

Ukwandiswa okuphantsi: Uluhlu olusondeleyo kunye nokudubula okuguquguqukayo

Iisetingi zokukhulisa okuphantsi, ngokuqhelekileyo ukusuka kwi-1x ukuya kwi-4x, zigqwesa kuluhlu olusondeleyo kunye neemeko zokudubula eziguqukayo. Le mida ibonelela ngenkalo ebanzi yokujonga, ivumela abadubuli ukuba bagcine ulwazi lwemeko ngelixa belandela iithagethi ezihamba ngokukhawuleza. Ukuzingela kwiindawo ezixineneyo, ezifana neendawo ezinemithi, okanye usetyenziso olunobuchule olufuna ukufunyanwa kwethagethi ekhawulezileyo, ukwandiswa okuphantsi kubonakalisa ukubaluleka.

Uphononongo lwemarike yakutsha nje luqaqambisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwemida yokwandisa okuphantsi kwiimeko eziguqukayo. Njengokuba:

Ukongeza, imida enoluhlu lokukhuliswa phakathi kwe-1x kunye ne-8x yamkelwa ngokubanzi ngokuguquguquka kwayo kwizicelo zokuzingela. Ukukwazi kwabo ukulinganisa ukucaca kunye nesantya kubenza ukuba babe lukhetho olukhethiweyo kwiindibano ezikufutshane.

Ingcebiso:Imida yokukhulisa ephantsi ilungele iimeko ezingqongileyo apho isantya kunye nobuchwephesha bubaluleke kakhulu, njengokuzingela ibhrashi okanye ukudubula ngobuchule.

Ukwandiswa okuphakathi: Ukuguquguquka kuluhlu oluphakathi

Ulwandiso oluphakathi, phakathi kwe-3x kunye ne-9x, lubonelela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokudubula okuphakathi. Le mida ibetha ulungelelwaniso phakathi kokuchaneka kunye nokuguquguquka, iyenze ilungele iimeko ezahlukeneyo. Abadubuli bayaxhamla ekufumaneni okujoliswe kuko okuphuculweyo ngaphandle kokuncama imbono, nto leyo ibalulekileyo kunxibelelwano kumgama oziimitha ezili-100 ukuya kwezingama-300.

Iimveliso ezininzi zibonisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokukhulisa okuphakathi kuluhlu oluphakathi lokudubula:

• Injongo ye-3x-C: Ukwandiswa kwe-3x ezinzileyo kuphucula ukufunyanwa kwethagethi ngokukhawuleza.
• Injongo 3xmag-1: Inikeza ukuguquguquka phakathi kwe-1x kunye ne-3x, nangona ixesha lohlengahlengiso linokuchaphazela isantya.
• Ukusekwa kweHybrid: Udibanisa i-1x yoluhlu olusondeleyo kunye ne-3x yokudubula okuphakathi, ukuqinisekisa ukulungelelanisa.
• Vudu 1-6x: Ibonelela ngokwandisa okungaguquguqukiyo kukudubula okuchanekileyo, ukugqwesa kwimizo ephakathi ukuya kuluhlu olude.

Ezi zicwangciso zisebenza ngokukodwa kwiiplatifti ezifana ne-10.5 "izibhamu ze-AR, ezivumela ukudubula okuchanekileyo kwimigama ukuya kwiiyadi ezingama-500. Ukukwazi ukutshintshela ngokungenamthungo phakathi kokukhulisa kugxininisa ukubaluleka kwe-optics yoluhlu oluphakathi kubazingeli kunye nabadubuli bezemidlalo ngokufanayo.

Ukwandiswa okuphezulu: Ukuchaneka kuluhlu olude

Imida yokwandiswa okuphezulu, ngaphezulu kwe-12x, iyimfuneko kuluhlu olude oluchanekileyo lokudubula. Ezi zixhobo zamehlo zivumela abadubuli ukuba bagxile kwiithagethi ezikude ngokucace kakhulu, nto leyo ebenza ukuba babe yimfuneko kukhuphiswano lokudubula nokuzingela kwiindidi ezondisiweyo.

Abadubuli abaphezulu bagxininisa ukubaluleka kokwandiswa okuhlengahlengiswayo ukuze babonakale kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo:

1. I-Austin Orgain, i-PRS Champion yamaxesha amabini, isebenzisa i-16x yokukhulisa ngexesha lemidlalo.
2. Ulungelelanisa kwi-20x kwiithagethi ezinzima ukuzibona, ebonisa imfuno yokukhulisa okuphezulu kwiimeko ezinzima.
3. Uluhlu lwakhe olukhethiweyo lwe-12x-18x lugxininisa ukuguquguquka okufunekayo ukuchaneka kwexesha elide.

I-LPVO optics ikwabonelela ngokukhulisa okuguquguqukayo, ukuqala kwi-1x kuluhlu olusondeleyo kunye nokwandisa kumanqanaba aphezulu okudubula okuchanekileyo. Izinto eziphambili zokusebenza ziquka ukucaca kwe-optical, uyilo lwe-reticle, kunye nokulula kohlengahlengiso, zonke ezinegalelo ekudubuleni okude okusebenzayo.

Phawula:Imida yolwakhiwo oluphezulu ilungele iimeko apho ukuchaneka kubaluleke kakhulu, njengokudubula okukhuphisanayo okanye ukuzingela kwiindawo ezivulekileyo.

Ukukhetha ukukhulisa okuSekwe kuMsebenzi wokudubula

Ukuzingela: Ukuziqhelanisa neemeko ezahlukeneyo

Abazingeli bahlala bejongana neendawo ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka kumahlathi ashinyeneyo ukuya kumathafa avulekileyo. Ukukhetha ukukhulisa okulungileyo kuqinisekisa ukuguquguquka kwezi meko ziguqukayo. Imida yamandla aphantsi, ukusuka kwi-1x ukuya kwi-4x, ilungele ukuzingela kwikota ekufutshane kwiindawo ezinemithi. Banikezela ngenkalo ebanzi yokujonga, okwenza ukuba kufumaneke okujoliswe kuko ngokukhawuleza xa ulandelela umdlalo ohamba ngokukhawuleza. Kwelinye icala, imida yamandla aphakathi, efana naleyo iphakathi kwe-4x kunye ne-12x, ibonelela ngezinto ezahlukeneyo zokudubula okuphakathi kwiindawo ezivulekileyo okanye kwiindawo ezixubeneyo.

Uthelekiso lobuchwephesha luqaqambisa iingenelo zeseto ezahlukeneyo zokukhulisa ukuzingela:

Abazingeli bafanele bawuqwalasele umhlaba kunye nohlobo lomdlalo abawusukelayo. Umzekelo, umzingeli okwihlathi elishinyeneyo unokuzuza kumda wamandla aphantsi, ngelixa omnye okwithafa elivulekileyo enokukhetha ukukhulisa okuphakathi ukuze adubule ixesha elide.

Ingcebiso:Umda wompu wamandla aphakathi unika ukuguquguquka kokuziqhelanisa neendawo ezahlukeneyo zokuzingela, oko kukwenza ukuba kube lukhetho oluthembekileyo kuninzi lwabazingeli.

Ukudubula okujoliswe kuko: Ukubeka phambili ukuchaneka

Ukudubula okujoliswe kuko kufuna ukuchaneka kunye nokungaguquguquki. Imida yamandla aphakathi, phakathi kwe-4x kunye ne-12x, inika ibhalansi efunekayo ukuchaneka kwimigama yoluhlu oluphakathi. Kubantu abadubulayo abajolise kwiithagethi ezingaphaya kweeyadi ezili-100, imida yamandla aphezulu anobukhulu be-14x ukuya kwi-20x ihlala ikhethwa. Uphando lwemakethi lubonisa ukuba i-83% yabadubuli bathanda ulwandiso phakathi kolu luhlu, phantse isiqingatha sikhetha i-18x ukuya ku-20x ukuze kucace ngakumbi kunye nokuchaneka.

Iingqwalasela eziphambili zokudubula okujoliswe kuko ziquka:

• Uluhlu lokwandisa:Amandla aphakathi ukuya phezulu aqinisekisa ukuchaneka kwimigama eyahluka-hlukeneyo.
• Indawo yokujonga:Indawo ebanzi yokujonga inceda ekufumaneni iithagethi ngokukhawuleza.
• Uzinzo:Ukwandiswa okuphezulu kunokwandisa i-jitter yendawo, ngoko iqonga lokudubula elizinzileyo liyimfuneko.

Kubadubuli abakhuphisanayo, ukukhulisa okugqithisileyo (ngaphezu kwama-25x) kunokuthintela ukusebenza. Inokunciphisa indawo yokujonga, iyenze kube nzima ukufumana nokulandelela iithagethi. Abakhuphisani bemipu echanekileyo bahlala besebenzisa imida ebekwe phakathi kwe-10x kunye ne-16x, ukucaca kokulinganisa kunye nokwazisa imeko.

Phawula:Xa ukhetha umda wokudubula okujoliswe kuko, beka phambili ukukhulisa okuhambelana nomgama wokudubula kwaye uqinisekise imbonakalo ezinzileyo, ecacileyo yethagethi.

Ukudubula okude: Ukuphucula ukuchaneka

Ukudubula kuluhlu olude kufuna ukwandiswa okuphezulu ukufezekisa ukudubula okuchanekileyo kumgama owandisiweyo. Imida enokunyuswa kwe-16x okanye ngaphezulu ivumela abadubuli ukuba bagxile kwiithagethi ezikude ngeenkcukacha ezikhethekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukukhetha ukwandiswa okufanelekileyo kubandakanya ukucaca kokulinganisa, indawo yokujonga kunye nokuzinza.

Uphando olusuka kukhuphiswano lokudubula kuluhlu olude luqaqambisa ukubaluleka kokwandiswa okuhlengahlengiswayo:

• Uninzi lwabakhuphisana lukhetha imida ebekwe phakathi kwe-10x kunye ne-16x kwindawo engcono yokujonga kunye nokulandela umkhondo.
• Imida yokwandisa okuphezulu (25x ukuya kwi-30x) inokuthintela ukusebenza ngokunyusa i-jitter ye-scope kunye nokucotha ukufunyanwa kwethagethi.
• Uluhlu oluyi-10x ukuya kwi-30x lulungiselela ukhetho lwabaninzi abadubula kuluhlu olude.

Ukwenza umsebenzi ogqwesileyo, abadubuli kufuneka baqwalasele umhlaba kunye neemeko zokusingqongileyo. Imihlaba evulekileyo enemiqobo encinci izuza kukwandiswa okuphezulu, ngelixa iindawo ezixubeneyo zinokufuna imida elungelelanisiweyo yokuguquguquka.

Ingcebiso:Kuphephe ukukhulisa ngokugqithisileyo ngaphandle kokuba kuyimfuneko. Uluhlu lokukhulisa olulinganayo luqinisekisa ukuchaneka ngaphandle kokubeka esichengeni isantya sokufumana okujoliswe kuko.

Ukukhetha ulwandiso olufanelekileyo kuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo kuyo yonke imisebenzi yokudubula. Ukuqhubela phambili ngo-2025, okunje ngabafumani boluhlu lwedijithali kunye nezibali zokubala, ziphucula ukuchaneka kunye nokusebenziseka. Abadubuli kufuneka baphonononge imida eyenzelwe iimfuno zabo, bethathela ingqalelo iimpawu ezifana nokwandiswa okuguquguqukayo ukwenzela ukuba izinto ezininzi zibe lula okanye amandla amiselweyo ukuze kube lula. Izigqibo ezinolwazi zikhokelela ekuphuculweni kokuchaneka kunye nokwaneliseka.

FAQ

Loluphi ulwandiso olulungele abaqalayo?

Abaqalayo kufuneka baqale ngomda onikezela nge-3x–9x yokukhulisa. Olu luhlu lubonelela ngezinto ezahlukeneyo zokudubula kuluhlu oluphakathi kwaye lunceda ukuphuhlisa ukuchaneka ngaphandle kobunzima obukhulu.

Ukwandiswa kukuchaphazela njani ukusebenza kokukhanya okuphantsi?

Ukwandiswa okusezantsi kuphucula ukusebenza kokukhanya okuphantsi ngokunyusa ubungakanani bomfundi ophumayo. Oku kuvumela ukukhanya okungakumbi ukuba kufikelele kwiliso lomdubuli, kwandisa ukubonakala kwiimeko ezimnyama.

Ngaba umda omnye ungagubungela yonke imisebenzi yokudubula?

Umda wokwandiswa oguquguqukayo, onje nge-3x–18x, ubonelela ngokuguquguquka kwemisebenzi emininzi. Ilungelelanisa kuluhlu olusondeleyo, oluphakathi, kunye neemeko zokudubula ezide ngokufanelekileyo.